Nearly every organism hosts a collection of symbiotic microbes—a microbiome. It is now recognized that microbiomes are major drivers of health in all animals, including humans, and that these ...

Conventional wisdom suggests that the immune system evolved to combat infection and that distinguishing between self and non-self molecules is a basic feature of innate immunity. As Charles Janeway ...

Nearly every organism hosts a collection of symbiotic microbes--a microbiome. It is now recognized that microbiomes are major drivers of health in all animals, including humans, and that these ...

A research team has discovered that Gigantopelta snail houses both sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and methane-oxidizing bacteria inside its esophageal gland cells (part of digestive system) as ...

New research has revealed that, in the mutually beneficial relationship between with the Hawaiian bobtail squid and the luminescent bacterium, Vibrio fischeri, an immune protein called 'macrophage ...